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Graphs and NetworksMaps

Little progress was made on the four colour problem until 1976, when Wolfgang Haken

Wolfgang Haken (born 1928) is a German mathematician, known for his proof the Four Colour Theorem with Kenneth Appel. In recognition, he and Appell received the Fulkerson Prize of the American Mathematical Society. In 1990, Haken became a member of the Center for Advanced Study at the University of Illinois, where he is now an Emeritus Professor.

and Kenneth Appel

Kenneth Appel (1932 – 2013) was an American mathematician, known for his proof of the Four Colour Theorem with Wolfgang Haken.

In recognition, he and Haken received the Fulkerson Prize of the American Mathematical Society.

Appel studied at Queens College, New York, and the University of Michigan. He taught at the University of Illinois, and the University of New Hampshire.

Timeline

 used a computer to finally solve it. They reduced infinitely many possible maps to 1936 special cases, which were each checked by a computer taking over 1000 hours in total.

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